Zeus - a Reflection of Ancient Greek Society free essay sample

Olympian gods were deliberate reflections of the notions embodied in early Greek life. However, amongst all, Zeus had the most prepotent ground. Stories featuring him usually involved fruitful sexual unions with mortals or immortals at all times, under any circumstances- as if accentuating the fact that his forcefulness and promiscuity as a god, king and a husband were superior to any possible obstacle. His positions enclosing the entire hierarchical order as well as supporting his promiscuity were justifications for pederasty, male power to procreate and ascendant male wit in particular. These concepts were central in early Greek society and examples revolving around them prove that the aristocratic males used the myths and actions of gods to advocate their own behavior. In early Greek society, young men gathered at symposiums to court teenage cupbearer boys and admire them. The courtship could lead to copulation, and the aim of this was said to be the refinement of moral qualities. We will write a custom essay sample on Zeus a Reflection of Ancient Greek Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Pederasty could continue even after a man’s marriage. Zeus too was engaged in pederasty, and he kidnapped the Trojan prince Ganymede from Mount Ida to make him his cupbearer. So as a god, he had pederastic relations after marriage- as if legitimizing the concept for the society. The idea of procreation implicated begetting as much offspring as possible, and Zeus had more than three hundred children from hundreds of consorts. Being the â€Å"king† of gods, he could have relations with any goddess he wanted to- like his sexual union with his sister Demeter. The right of a man to reproduce with whoever, then, was seen to be coming from the ultimate authority Zeus. The ascendancy of male wit was the principal idea in Greek society and Zeus’s position as a husband reflected it. Throughout his marriage with Hera, his unfaithfulness was well known and his sexual union with mortal Leda in the form of a swan was an example of his creative tricks. He used his wit and changed forms to deceive Hera, supporting a husband’s infidelity under any conditions. Consequently, the myths of Zeus with Ganymede, Demeter and Leda tell us about the ideas and activities adopted in early Greek society. While they act as examples for pederasty, male right to procreate with whoever and the excellence of male intelligence, they also develop strong grounds for justification of these central concepts and promiscuity in general through Zeus- the absolute ruler.

Wait Until Marriage for Sex Essay Example

Wait Until Marriage for Sex Essay Example Wait Until Marriage for Sex Essay Wait Until Marriage for Sex Essay Teenage Girls Should Wait Until Marriage to Have Sex Is sex worth waiting for until marriage? In today’s society sex is more prominent than being celibate. Even though sex entices a human being, there are still many consequences. Don’t put yourself in a dangerous situation that can be prevented. The intent of this paper is to help and persuade teenage girls to realize how much danger they could be putting themselves in by not waiting to have sex. The more sex you have before marriage, the greater risk you are in of getting an infection, damaging your relationship, and an unwanted pregnancy. Just imagine the risk of getting an infection. You are two steps close to getting a STD. Did you know you wouldn’t be able to have kids, depending on what STD you get? Sad part is it can cause birth defects and many other things to a baby and yourself. When you have your baby it could have a genetic disorder, this may also hinder your child’s learning. Also, you could get the disease from any other female they’ve had sex with. AIDS doesn’t discriminate either. Anyone can become infected by it. AIDS cause people to be more vulnerable to other diseases. Since it weakens your immune system, you’ll die from peripheral illnesses. More sex means more of risk! It has been long said that it could be damaging to relationships. If you’re having sex with that person before marriage you can get too emotionally attached. You don’t want to be that girl that stuck on the guy because he took your virginity and broke up with you, bad look. Secondly your self- esteem can be affected negatively and positively. By you waiting it gives you much more respect for yourself. If you don’t wait you’ve given away something so special in a thoughtless way. Few girls fail to realize that if gives you less meaning to your relationship and not abstaining from it won’t give you an investment of trust In final consideration you have unwanted pregnancies. Do you want the responsibility of being a parent? Children shouldn’t be born to teenage parents. The child is at greater risk for school failure. He or she may even grow up to become a teenage parent! Furthermore, birth control pills aren’t 100% effective in preventing a pregnancy. What girls forget is that birth control pills have to be taken at the same time, everyday. Birth control pills can also be affected by other medications. Certain antibiotics have been linked to reduce effectiveness in the pills. Also, condoms aren’t always a reliable prevention either! First off, they can easily break, depending on what kind or how you use it. Next, about 10 out of every 20 couples using condoms end up pregnant anyway within the first year. As you can see even with birth control and consistent condom use you are still at a major risk of producing a child. Virginity is a beautiful gift to be given, not an embarrassing label to be lost! Condoms aren’t always reliable, giving in could take over your relationship and a baby won’t make him stay. What you decide today determines what life will be like for you tomorrow. â€Å"Since I’ve already had sex it doesn’t matter what I do anymore. † Nothing could be more further from the truth! It may feel right, but you have no reason to be upset when you realize it was wrong. The only truly â€Å"safe sex† is to save sex until you are in lifelong, committed relationship: Marriage!

Report assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Report assignment - Essay Example Finally, some recommendations will be presented towards the end of the report. 2. Can IS Save the Public Services a. Topic Overview The topic of the lecture was quite interesting and catches the attention of listener instantly. Moreover the facts and examples given during the course of presentation were closely connected to the public interest. Generic conclusions were drawn about various aspects of the public Information Systems towards the end of the lecture. The lecture was formatted as a combination of presentation with background audio of the presenter. The topic actually talks about the development of Information systems in public domain and the value they deliver to the public. The lecturer has also pointed out some important methods for decision maker to ensure attainment of perceived value from public Information Systems. b. Level and Amount of Information The topic of the presentation was generic in nature and therefore amount and level of information can be questioned. The re were several aspects of the public information systems that could be discussed but were not covered in the presentation. This gives a feel of incompleteness and deficiency of the information on the given topic. The issue further highlighted the knowledge gape and lack of preparations. Even the lecturer did not clearly mention the scope of his presentation in the beginning. There logical development of the ideas was not of high standard and it seems that topic was beefed up with material from here and there to make a point. The speaker initially talked about the area where information systems are implemented in public sector but the list of these sectors was not comprehensive and only pointed out some major areas. Then speaker straightway jumped to the discussion on how these systems were outsourced and what problems were faced by the commissioning authority and the outsourced company. Here the speaker concluded that the bidding process is not a correct procedure for outsourcing i nformation systems development in public sector. The bidders try to bid at lowest rate to win the bid, later he find it hard to fulfill the Service Level Agreements (SLAs) and the either he quits or public could not get the value out of the system it was conceived with. This was followed by an appropriate example of a private firm EDS who suffered a more than12 billion lose on this account. An interesting comparison was drawn on how much the information system differs depending on the organizational structure of the department commissioning these systems. (Chris, 2010) c. Organization of Information There is enough room for improvement in the organization of information and we can note many inaccuracies in the presentation. On a slide with the title of â€Å"Can we look abroad for help† there was no discussion on external bidders for the development of information systems. Some slide looked a little crowded and packet. It was quite difficult for the audience to read the data at these slides and to focus on what the speaker was talking about. Moreover, reading text was not helpful in getting to the point what the lecturer was trying to deliver. Often reading the text at the slide resulted in mismatch of the point being talked about. d. Presentation Skills Beyond the contents of the lecture, the presentation and delivery of the contents was not professionally elevated. In the opening of the lecture there were few unrecognizable voices and audience could see the first slide of the presentation

Verizon or GAP Inc Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Verizon or GAP Inc - Research Paper Example Legal, Social and Economic Environment Given its broad range of products and services, together with the intense competition that is prevalent in the telecommunications industry, Brien (2010) believes that the external environment plays an influential role in determining Verizon’s goals and business strategy. Apart from fulfilling the needs of customers, Verizon is also involved extensively in complying with regulatory requirements besides developing better strategies to tackle its competitors. Winer (2011) analyzed Verizon using an elaborate SWOT analysis and concluded that the company is best placed in terms of marketing as it is an established and recognized brand across the United States and in other countries. However, Bohlander (2009) argues that the company faces multiple threats across legal, social and economic environments. He states that customers have largely refrained from using wireless technologies in favor of long distance services that are offered by local pro viders. While Verizon has the potential to overcome this trend by expanding its wireless services into newer markets, it will be difficult to offset this threat completely (Winer, 2011). The global financial crisis and the resulting decline in economic activity have had an impact on the telecommunications sector. ... For instance, Verizon is now required to lease its access lines to these local exchange carriers at two-fifths of the prevailing market rates. This has not only reduced the barriers to entry for the local exchange carriers, but has also diminished Verizon’s market share (Bohlander, 2009). The FCC’s actions towards reducing most barriers to entry and enhancing the level of market competition has intensified the rivalry among all major players in the telecommunications industry besides eroding several strategic advantages that were enjoyed by established firms like Verizon for over five decades. Customers no longer face any additional switching costs for changing service providers while new entrants to the market receive significant financial backing from the FCC in addition to adequate network capacity. Despite these disadvantageous factors, Verizon enjoys a strong and recognized brand identity and elaborate distribution channels that cannot be matched by newer rivals ov er the next few years (Altmann, 2008). Better economies of scale are however expected to erode over time as the level of competition intensifies in the market. Managerial, Operational, and Financial issues The increasing competition in the telecommunications industry implies that the success of most projects undertaken by Verizon depends on efficient workflows, reduced costs, quicker turnarounds and creation of better values. Altmann (2008) says that achieving these objectives requires the development of advanced strategies that offer a unique challenge to larger, hierarchical organizations. Wallace (2010) explains that Verizon has adapted to this evolving business environment by

Discuss the military campaigns and battles of Zachary Taylor in the Essay

Discuss the military campaigns and battles of Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War. How would you rate him as a commander What impact did the war have on Taylors career - Essay Example The Assault on Monterrey and Battle of Buena Vista are the other two military campaigns and battles by Taylor where he recorded notable success against the enemies. In the former, he was able to make Monterrey fall to American forces, and in the later battle, he oversaw the Mexicans withdrawing and essentially bringing to an end the northern Mexico fighting (Millett, Peter and William 206). I would rate Zachary Taylor as an accomplished and able commander. This view is informed by the fact that he was able to commandeer American forces during the Mexican War and ensured America’s victory in the War with the forces suffering fewer casualties compared to the enemy (Millett, Peter and William 231). Ultimately, after suffering enormous losses, Mexicans withdrew and the fighting in the northern Mexico ended. The war had significant impact on Taylor’s career; his victory enhanced his national reputation. After seeing the end to the conflict, he ventured into politics and easily defeated his main rival Lewis Cass in the 1848 presidential election (Roberts

Internal and External Influences on LOreal

Internal and External Influences on LOreal Globalisation is the system of interaction among the countries in the world in order to develop the global economy, through integration of economics and societies all over the world by involving technological, economic, political, and cultural exchanges which made possible largely by advances in communication, transportation, and infrastructure, (source: http://hubpages.com). A business firm which want to or operates in global environment needs to be aware that there so many to face in that business environment (internal and external), because the firm will operates across more than one country and across different social and culture issues, political and legal systems, economic system and technology. Stakeholders interest like community, politicians, other competitors, suppliers, employees, shareholders, will be more demanding across wider global business enviroment where the global firm will get involve in the business, and this will be more challenging to the firm. The product which a business company will offer to the market needs to be global products that will achieve competence against other competitors who operates in global business too. Task one The Analysis of primary internal and external influences to LOreal. Globalisation. There several primary influences to company like Loreal to go global like as follows bellow. Goverment drivers, like favorable trade policies, compatible technical standards, and common marketing regulations. Competitive drivers, like high import of goods, interdependence of countries, competitors from different countries, and globalisation competitors. Market drivers, influences by having global channels, transferable marketing, common customer needs, and global customers. Cost drivers, like low transportation costs, global scale economies, need for technology, steep experience curve, difference in country costs and high product development costs. According to casestudy shows number of influences to LOreal as subjected. In internal influence were about to build the organisation structure which can be global administration and cope with the external global environment by stabilising their available resources so they can be competent to gain the capability to compete against other competitors globally. They been able to build up the organisation strengths through carefully plans strategy of acquring other cosmetics companies so they can spread up their wings in the international markets by using strong and potential brands in their new and existing global markets ,which some of the brands were Loreal origin brands like lancome and other adopted brands like Matrix, Maybelline, Kiehls, SoftSheen-carson, Shu Uemura, Redken. Also moving business strategy from domestic strategy to international strategy that will enable the company to compete in global environment, The marketing failure during 1953 after entering U.S market through t he company formed licensee Cosmair Inc. to distribute LOreal products(pg3 on the case study) this made the corporate management of LOreal to structure their corporate plans from failure to success, But management did able to consider company redisign to gain key success through designing good distribution channels, flaxible management development of internal structure and culture so they can cope with outside business environment to maintain stability, example LOreal managent under Dalle able to take the company to public(1963), sold off the companys soap unit and also did able to respond in political issues of state control of frances top companies(pg3 on case study). The current organisational structure were doing well in terms of achieving goals in case study it shows they had good reputation and market share in france and also in europe even though they were selling their products to customers in premium price. Organisation were recruiting skilled and talented staffs who can able to run up the company to successful point in future time without looking location of individual, example Lindsay Owen Jones who was CEO british born(case study pg 4). Good allocation of resources to invest in foreign markets enables LOreal to gain other oppotunities apart from U.S market. Example Loreal management after bought the brand of Helena Rubinstein was best opportunity to go extra miles to gain other markets which are outside of U.S like Europe,Japan and Asia and brand has very good market awereness to its customers. Through acquisation Loreal company were able to access available resources from other company like distribution channels, skilled staffs. Because of global marketing environment Lindsay Owen Jones the CEO of LOreal he started to redisgn the corporate strategy so the company can able to cope with the international geographical environment of where will operates, below here shows the Strategic Choices of company can use four basic strategies to enter and compete when decide to operate in international market like follows:- Pressure for Local GLOBAL STRATEGY TRANSNATIONAL STRATEGY INTERNATIONAL STRATEGY MULTI-DOMESTIC STRATEGY High Cost pressure Low Low Pressure for local High Transnational Strategy. This strategy firms must exploit experience curve cost economies and location economies, transfer distinctive competencies within the firm and pay attention for pressures for localisation. To do this their need to be flows of knowledge from the parent to subsidiaries, flow from foreign subsidiaries to the home country, and from foreign subsidiaries to foreign subsidiaries, a process that known as global learning. The approach of transnationals is not appropriate in all situations, nor is it without costs. Where demands for local responsiveness are low, a global strategy may still be the most appropriate . The coordination and management challenges of a transnational also create higher cost and benifits than with one of the more traditional strategies. A transinational strategy makes sense when a firm faces high pressure for cost reductions, high pressures for local responsiveness, and where there are significant opportunities for leveraging valuable skills within a multinationals glo bal network of operation. In some ways companys that pursue a transnational strategy are trying to simultaneously achieve cost and differentiation advantages. As attractive as this may sound, the strategy is not easy to pursue. Pressure for local responsiveness and cost reductions place conflicting demand on a firm, being locally responsive raises costs. Global Strategy. Firms that pursue a global strategy focus on increasing profitability by reaping the cost reductions that come from experience curves effects and location economies. That can be called a company pursuing low cost strategy. The production, marketing and research and development activities of firms pursuing a global strategy are concentrated in a few favorable locations. Global firms tend not to customise their product offering and marketing strategy to local conditions because customisation raises cost, it involves shorter production runs and the duplications of functions. Multidomestic Strategy Compay pursue this strategy orient themselves toward achieving maximum local responsiveness. The key distinguish feature of multidomestic firms is that they extensively customise both their product offering and their marketing strategy to match different national conditions. Consistent with this they also tend to establish a complete set of value creation activities. International Strategy In this strategy company try to create value by transferring valuable skills and products to foreign markets where indigenous competitors lack those skills and products. Most international firms have created value by transferring differentiated product offerings developed at home to new markets overseas. Analysis of how globalisation influences policies and decision making in LOreal. LOreal able to increase acquisation to maintain market share against other competitors so the company can stay into its business. Value creation were made into LOreal products by renovate those brands they were so strong in the market and had very good perception to its customers because if there is more value in the product that means there is value and trust between two parties, firm and customer. Because of globalisation LOreal did able to design the Organisation structure which will fit on the global environment the firm is facing. Barlett and Goshal outline a range of organisation structures developed by multinationals to meet these global challenges, Like as follows below. Global Co-ordination Low High International Divisions Global Products Companies International Subsidiaries Transinational Corporational Low Local Independence And Responsiveness High International Divisions The structure is appropriate where there is little requirement for global coordination and little need to tailor products to local requirements. Global Product Companies The need for greater global integration has seen many multinationals moving towards global product structures with product divisions integrating activities on a world wide basis from component supply, through manufacturing to research and development. This structure creates many opportunities to achieve cost efficiencies and transfer resources that are dependent upon sophisticated planning and control systems. However the pressures to respond to local needs seem to be increasing in many global markets. In case study page 10, CEO Owen Jones said that Loreal to be truly global company they need to promote around the world American brands because that was other great alternative in the beauty industry and also they didnt accept only local brands, by trying to put all LOreal brand everywhere by selling United states to Americans, Japanese, Chinese and Italian elegance to the Japanese, French beauty to Africans, and also Japanese chic to Brazillians. International Subsidiaries Many organisations are structured around international subsidiaries that respond more closely to the needs of the local market, often at the expense of control from the centre and a uniform organisational structure. However, whilst this structure has been appropriate in the past, as global competition becomes more intense, there may now be a need to look at greater global integration. Transnational Corporations The increasing pressures of global competition upon companies to both globally co-ordinate activities and respond to local needs has led to the emergence of the transnational organisation . The traditional multinational structures are seen to be converging upon a new organisational structure that depends upon an integrated network of interdependent resources. Also LOreal company according to case studies shows the numbers of responds to change the products offering to its customers through understanding their customers and the life styles they have. By using Ansoff four strategic options, he claimed that in marketing we can only ever be talking about products and markets, and that these can only be old, or existing, and new, or potential. Below is a figure shows Ansoff Matrix model in strategic choice. Products Present New Market Penetration LOW RISK Product Development MEDIUM RISK Market Development MEDIUM RISK Diversification HIGH RISK Exist Markets New source: abe manual Market penetration On this strategy present product and present market will be appropriate when a market is growing and not yet saturated, example Loreal company when was marketing in France market before decide to go abroad market. By attracting non users of the product, or purchasing rate of existing customers. The strategy can be implemented through increasing activity on one or more of the mix elements. Example aggressive promotion, pricing, using more intensive distribution. Product development. The strategy deals with New product at existing market, an organisation develops a new product to sell at its existing market. Sometimes can be simply the product refinement, could be change of taste or packaging. Product development is most prevalent when branding exists. Promotional aspects will be emphasise the added qualities of the new product and link it specifically to the security of and confidence in the brand. This strategy builds up customer loyalty and the benefits to be gained by purchase and other mix elements like distribution may remain unchanged. Market Development On this strategy is about the company sells the existing product at new market, is often found when a regional business wishes to expand or if new markets are emerging because of changes in consumer habits. It can also occur when a new use has been discovered for an existing product. Implentention of this strategy involves appealing to markets sectors not currently catered for and many mean a repositioning of products, new distribution methods or channels. Diversification This strategy is where new product will be sold in the new markets sometimes introduced so that the firm will not become too dependent on its existing strategic business units (SBUs), this is kind of insurance for future of the company incase of any disaster that would happen due to drastic environmental changes in future where the company is operating it business. This can be considered as means of growth and expansion of power to against competitors. The new product can me totally innovated which has never been seen in the marketplace, or the product is new to the firm but has already been the in the marketplace. Diversification can be Horizontal integration acquisation of another organisation which has a desired features, the firm that is acquired mighty use similar production methods, its distribution channels may highly effective and prove advantageous or has got great capacity. Or Vertical Integration where involves acquisition of some other enterprises in the chain of distribu tion between manufacturer and customer,can be forward towards customer or backwards towards the source of materials. Other diversification also can be Conglomeration where moves a company away from the its existing product market situation into an entirely new area in order to satisfy a primary objective. Critical evaluation of the effectiveness of LOreal response to globalisation. Due to global environment has its complexity and uncertainties, LOreal did able to respond through building organsation which will cope with changes in business environment by competing with other firms operating in the same beauty industry, LOreal was selling a products (e.g Lancome in cosmetics and LOreal professional in hair care) which targeting in high income customers by selling their products in high price, which limited the company to expand into international markets. Also their brands where only potential in Europe and not USA and the price strategy they were using were not accessible. This made LOreal management to review their marketing strategies into global level. LOreal had market entry strategy in USA market, first was licensee to cosmair to supply Loreal products after the strategy didnt perfom better, then Loreal management did apply another strategy which was acquisition strategy. There are different entry strategy to foreign markets a business company can use, ent ry strategy can be Turnkey project, Exporting, Franchising, Licensing or Joint ventures. Licensing agreement is at arrangement where by a licensor grants the rights intangible properry to another entity (the licensee) for a specified period, and in return the licensor receives a royalty fee from the licensee. Intangible property includes patents, inventions, formulas, Trademarks, processes and designs. Acquisation is about one firm buys another firm. Hamills model, Motives for acquisation are economic motives, strategic motives, finance motive and behavioral and managerial motive. Economic motives can be synergy in value chain,economies of scale, improved efficiency, purchase of managerial skills and unique resources. Strategic motives this can aslo be diversification,competitive by gaining market control or remove competitors or both, buy rather than build market share, or instant growth. Behavioral and managerial motives also this can be increasing management utility and sales growth, personal goals of senior managers, separation of ownership from control. Financial motives is about Financial engineering,Valuation gap theory and increasing shareholder value. In Addition of popular American brands such as Maybelline, Redken, Matrix, SoftSheen-Carson, and Ralph Lauren Fragrances to its portfolio of french brands, LOreal had created an international brand portfolio for consumers with a wide range of incomes and tastes in 140 countries. Because the market in France and part of Europe maybe were seems to be saturated, and LOreal perhaps was facing a bit competition from rival companies in france and other part of Europe made it to seek other new attractive market which was USA market to extend its market share and increase the revenue. By using Boston Consultancy Group Matrix(BCG) theory based on Market share and Market growth rate of the Small Business Units(SBUs). Boston Consultancy Group Matrix. STARS QUESTION MARKS CASH COWS DOGS High Market growth Low Relative Market Share Source: abe manual. Question Mark Are products which have low market share and are in high growth markets. The product has not yet reached a dominant position in the market. Although it may be generating funds, it still requires a lot of investment for development and the company must decide if they to keep investing. Star If Question marks succeed they become stars, leaders in high growth markets. Stars are the providers of tomorrow and the company with no stars should worry. On the figure above shows two star products, one which has the leading share in its market and one which has only slightly more share than its leading competitor. Efforts should be made to increase the share of the second product in order to secure its future profitability, particularly as the market has a very high growth rate this could be where future earnings lie. Also this stage may involve investment in promotion and distribution incase of competition, and Star can also produce revenue and use resources which may lead to break even. Cash Cow When market growth reaches a stable level, Stars become cash cows providing they hold a leading share of the market. If they lose any market share to the competition they will slip into either being a marginal Question Mark or at very worse,a Dog or sometimes if a firm continued to support other categories and neglegeted its cash cow then its could eventually become a dog. Cash Cows produce good revenue, do not require high investment and often mean the economies of scale can be gained. The money earned from cash cows should be used to invest into other products. Dog Dogs have a weak market share in low growth or stable markets. These products can often take up more time than they are worth. They usually produce low profits and very often incur losses. They will always consume cash, even if it is just in the time taken to manage them. Can be dropped by firm but is not wise to do immediately because they might still poduce profit and can also be used retention to customers. LOreal responded by creating competitive advantage against other competitors in beauty industry. Michael Porter Generic Strategy explained how the company can gain competitive advantage through differentiation, differentiation focus, cost leadership, and cost focus. LOreal management were able to differentiate their products through product divisions ( Consumer, Professional and Luxury products division). Also Loreal used cost leadership and cost focus, by created products range according to consumer classes, by selling them with different range of price, based on ethinic life styles from white to black people. Also Porter Value Chain Analysis can be useful here to determine the response of Loreal beauty company to globalisation, Primary activities. Inbound logistics, dealing with storing, receiving and distributing the inputs to the product or service. Material handling, controlling stock and transport. Operations, concern of transform different inputs into final products or service, assembly and testing. Research and development, concerning about gathering useful information from the market like competitors in that market,customers, developing new product or lowering the cost of production ( LOreal, Research and development activities allowed the firm to reduce production costs). In the case study (pg11), Its says LOreal had strong commitment to research and development that many insiders considered to be among the firms most distinctive values and a comparative advantage over competitors. Through research and development they did able to discover the new hair Fructis shampoo product made from fruit sugar called fructose. Production can be creation of goods or services, example Fructis shampoo. Out bound logistics through local distribution channels which the company had control with it, acquisation enabled LOreal management to gain competence in distributing products to consumers. The Marketing and sales provide the means whereby consumers/users are made aware of the product or service and are able to purchase, Loreal provided product mix, enough advertising to their customers so the can be aware of their products offering to the market. Service, service includes all those activities which enhance or maintain the value product or service, such as training, installation, repair and spares. Support Activities in the value chain give inputs that allow the primary activities to occur, can materials management, human resource management by dealing with recruiting, training, development and rewarding people within the organisation, example in the case study Loreal hire people early in their careers and educate them so that they can become the future leaders of the company (i.e LOreal CEO, Lindsay Owen Jones and Kiehls president, Philip Clough). Information systems, and company infrastructure this can be the structure of organisation, control stystems and culture of the firm. Demonstration of some areas for improvement in the response of LOreal. LOreal as beauty company needs some area for improvement like as follows; There is need for Loreal to creat another range of products which will be different from cosmetics products through diversification, example house hold products or clothing, so can able to maintain the strong position in the market and gain more revenue. Because the Loreal profit seems to be low compare to other competitors, even though is leading company there is slightly difference in revenue and even in market share too. The price of Loreal products seems to be a bit expensive to developing countries in Africa and Asia where majority people are in very low income which the cant afford to buy the Loreal products only medium and high income people can afford to but them, compare with other competitors like Procter and Gamble or Uniliver which their products in area like Asia and Africa are quite cheap most people can afford them. Example Loreal did sue Bellure company for selling smelled perfume like a luxury Loreal perfume (htt://www.newlawjournal.co.uk), this shows that the Loreal products are potential in market but are more expensive which other company getting advantage by coping the products and selling them in cheap price. There is needs of improvement also in distribution channels so can allow easy accessibility of products to their customers, example Kielhls products part like Africa there is no kiehls store, like Asia which there is good ermerging market opportunities there only very few stores. Social resposibility according to book of Corporate Communication by Cornelissen pointed as corporate social responsibility is about the recognition of the need for business to deliver the wider societal value beyond shareholder and market alone (pg44). Loreal management doesnot gives information in how they are connected to their suppliers who supply the materials for fructis shampoo which made from fruit juice, but how the fruits are growing and there is any environmental concern that the major question, because probably this could be another source of environmental degradation. According to The Telegraph article Jan 30, 2008, Loreal was sued for using Shark oil to make cosmetics which they did stop to use to make major products but still their using shark oil to make lipstic brand type called Shu Uemura, which actually for Loreal needs to use other source of raw material like vegetable oil than Shark oil which this destroys natural resources in the environment. Loreal also through advertisiment by using female models this can be misleading to women because most women will respond to advert that there is beautiful model on it by thinking that they will be the same as like the model on the advert, source (http//loreal.exteen.com), this should be improved by selling only cosmetics generally than selecting small number of beatiful model women who can attract majority women in the world to buy products.

People Who Changed the World

Nelson Mandela was born July 18, 1918 in Mutate, Transfer, South Africa to the chief of Moved, and after his father's death when he was only nine years old, he was raised by the powerful ruler of the Themes Tribe, Contacting Delineated (Book, 2009). His thoughts were organized and disciplined by his father and guardian, who groomed him to someday be chief. It was not by mere chance that Nelson Mandela became the president of South Africa (Book, 2009). Mandela was wise for his years, he dreamed of democracy for his people. He was educated earning a BAA degree in 1942 at University of South Africa.At the University of Watersides he worked on his law degree. Mandela and colleague, Oliver Tomb started South Africans first Black law firm (Book, 2009). Mandela fought tirelessly for the liberation of South Africa. In 1948 Apartheid became the official law of the land in South Africa. Each nationality in South Africa had to live in a separate geographic location, interracial marriage was not allowed, and South Africans had to be registered according to their race (Book, 2009). Mandela arranged a campaign to alleviate the dishonest laws.Charges of treason led him to prison and confinement on several occasions (Book, 2009). The Arriving Trial of 1964 became known all around the world. Mandela again charged with treason but, this time sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole. Appeals for clemency came to South Africa from abroad and the New York Times editorialist the trial charging the government as the guilty party (Book, 2009). However, for the next eighteen years Mandela was restricted to a maximum security prison on Robber Island off the coast of South Africa.Prison was a mere hindrance for Mandela. His conviction to bring about change grew stronger. He led political study groups and put together Judicial appeals or other inmates while he himself was serving a life sentence (Book, 2009). The violence in South Africa was overwhelming and rampant throughout , killing many innocent women and children. In 1980, with strong suggestion from the NC, a campaign was set in motion by the Johannesburg newspaper to free Mandela (Book, 2009). A petition was drafted which thousands of people willingly signed to demand Mandela's freedom.Mandela was held in high regard, the brave representative of Black South African' fight for freedom (Book, 2009). In 1982 Poolrooms Maximum Security Prison became Mandela's next house of horror. The youth of black South Africans gained recognition and compassion from abroad and the government's rising international criticism of its laws had to be addressed (Book, 2009). In 1985 President Booth's attitude changed, Mandela was involved in secret government meetings. Meetings with the minister of Justice, Kebob Cosset were important and beneficial and led to a more promising future for Mandela and South Africa.February 1 1, 1990 Mandela was released from prison (Book, 2009). Months later Mandela set out on a world tour throughout North America and Europe. He was welcomed as a hero and world leader. In Great Britain he met with Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. In the US he had discussions with President George H. W. Bush (Book, 2009). In 1991 Apartheid was no more, South Africa became a truly democratic, nonracial government. In 1993, Mandela and F. W. Clerk were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the peaceful termination of the Apartheid regime (Book, 2009).Also in 1993 another milestone was reached all South Africans were allowed to vote April 24, 1994. Mandela was elected first Black President in South Africa, he served from 1994 to 1999. Mandela and the government of national unity developed a program that testified blacks and attracted investments from abroad. In 1996 Mandela signed a new South African Constitution into law. The document made the government stronger, guaranteed expressions of freedom and minority rights. The lifelong dream of President Mandela was realized (Book, 2009).Mandel a continued to serve South Africa after he was no longer president (Book, 2009). He died in his home in Johannesburg December 5, 2013. Dry. Martin Luther King, Jar was an American Pastor, activist, humanitarian, and leader in the African- American Civil Rights movement. He was born January, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. Unlike Nelson Mandela, he was nonviolent in his pursuit for civil rights. He fought for civil rights until his assassination April 4, 1968 (Martin Luther King, 2011) He was born Michael King, Jar. To a Baptist minister in rural Georgia.Michael King, Sir. Adopted the name in honor of the German Protestant religious leader Martin Luther, which he later followed suit (Martin Luther King, 2011). Martin Luther King had a religious upbringing. His father and grandfather were both Baptist ministers. By the time he was 25 years of age he was the pastor at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church and had completed his Ph. D. In 1955 Martin Luther King, 2011). In 1955 The Montgomery Bus Boyco tt of 1955 spearheaded by Dry. King was a demonstration that led to change in the civil rights of black people.Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat to a white man, she was removed from the bus and Jailed. Rosa Parks and 5 other women appeared as ordered, represented by a lawyer, sued the court for segregation on buses (Martin Luther King, 2011). The Montgomery federal court ruled that segregation on buses violated the 14th amendment. The bus boycott came to an end December 1956 and the Supreme Court prohibited segregation on buses (Martin Luther King, 2011). Black people were no longer required to sit on the back of the bus.Also this courageous boycott aided in the dissolution of the Jim Crow Laws. In 1963, Martin Luther King, Jar. And his constituents assembled the famous March on Washington that congregated more than 200,000 people to the Lincoln Memorial. King made his most renowned, â€Å"l Have a Dream,† speech (Martin Luther King, 2011). In effect the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was constructed. The federal government has declared desegregation of public facilities illegal (Martin Luther King, 2011). While it did not resolve all problems of coordination, the law lessened racial restrictions.

Blacks in the Revolutionary War Essay

Blacks in the Revolutionary War1 Blacks in the Revolutionary War African American Studies Latasha Gating September 20, 2012 LaChanda K. Clemons Blacks in the Revolutionary War2 Looking back at the history of the United States, it is evident that the Revolutionary War impacted the country a great deal. It was the first war fought with slaves thanks to Lord Dunmore’s controversial proclamation. Historian Benjamin Quarles stated â€Å"The Negros role in the Revolutionary War can be best understood by realizing his major loyalty was not to a place nor to a people but to a principle. There were black loyalists, black sailors, black patriots and black regiments who fought and died in the name of Independence. It has been estimated that over 5,000 African Americans served as soldiers for the Continental army and more than 20,000 fought for the British cause. Slavery in Colonial America is noted to have begun in 1619 with the arrival of 20 African slaves on the Dutch ship named Man-o f-war. The slaves made up over half the population in the colonies although they were seen more so as property instead of people. In 1776, there were about 500,000 African American men, women and children slaves. Everyone had a reason for taking part in the war. There were factors that motivated the blacks to take part in such a battle as well. The text mentions that when it came to fighting between the Patriots on one side and their Loyalist American allies on the other, African Americans joined the side that offered freedom. Having that choice of gaining freedom in exchange for serving in the military was indeed motivation. Other motives for blacks were the Blacks in the Revolutionary War3 desire for adventure, belief in the justice and the goals of the revolution and the possibility of receiving a bounty. The Continental navy and The Royal Navy signed blacks into the navy because of the manpower shortages at sea. Some blacks had been captured from the royal navy and used by the Patriots on their vessels. They also served as seamen on British vessel. Slaves and free slaves served as seaman. Because so many Patriot leaders resisted employing black troops, by mid-1775, the British had taken the initiative in recruiting African Americans. Revolutionary leaders feared using blacks in the arm forces. They were afraid that the slaves who were armed would uprise against them. In May 1775 the Massachusetts Committee of Safety put a stop to enlisting slaves in the armies of the colony. However, this did not apply to the blacks who were already serving in the army. 1775-1783 the navy recruits freed black slaves and runaway slaves. Lord Dunmore, born John Murray, was the last Royal Governor of Virginia. Because he was short of men, Dunmore issued a proclamation stating that all able bodied men to assist him in the defense of the colony, including the slaves of rebels. He promised freedom to the blacks who served. After doing so in a month he had 800 soldiers. The purpose of his Proclamation was to declare martial law and to encourage slaves of rebels in Virginia to leave their masters and support the loyalist cause â€Å"All indentured servants, Negroes, or others†¦free that are able Blacks in the Revolutionary War4 and willing to bear arms†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Such an act outrage Virginians. Those that took Dunmore up on his word range between 800 and 2,000. The Virginia Congress replied to his Proclamation with the Dunmore’s wasn’t as successful as his plan out, the number of his soldiers decreased due to smallpox outbreaks. Dunmore’s Proclamation was the first mass emancipation of slaves in American history. After the war ended, over 5,000 blacks left for Jamaica or St. Augustine because they were the property of loyalist that they would never gain their freedom from slavery. By 1786, many were back in bondage. There were those who were Patriots’ slaves but sided with the British were promised their freedom and was granted such. Many black patriots found that the post war military held no rewards for them. So many men served in the armed forces which meant that their wives were left behind and had to take on their husband roles. Their lives changed a great deal during the Revolutionary War. The women, who could, serve the Colonial military forces and interacted with the male soldiers in camp. They were usually the wives and daughters of the male soldiers. The cooked, did laundry and cared for those that were sick. There also some who fought in the military battles: Margaret Cochran Corbin and Captain Molly. Molloy’s husband had taught her how to load and fire cannons. Black women, many of whom were slaves, served both Americans and the British in the capacity of nurses, laundresses and cooks. Blacks in the Revolutionary War5 Many African American soldiers fought and died for the sake of the Revolutionary War. The war ended in 1783, slavery was dying in the North and declining in Chesapeake. What was truly the purpose of Blacks fighting if they did not attain freedom at the end of the war? Were the lives lost beneficially to the slaves or was it just a gimmick to get blacks to stand in stops where white soldiers have already died in. Blacks in the Revolutionary War6 Bibliography Georgii, Colette. May 30, 2007. Slavery in Colonial America. www. helium. com/items/365359-Colonial-Early- Gabriel, Brian. Women’s roles and lives in the revolutionary war. http://www. ehow. com/) (http://blackloyalist. com/canadiandigitalcollection/story/revolution/dunmore. htm) Halpern, Rick (2002). Slavery and Emancipation. Blackwell Publishing. Pp. 90-91 Harold, Stanley, Hine, W. C. , Hine, D. C. The African American Odyssey: Volume 1, 5th Edition. Prentice Hall. 2011. Pearson Education, Inc. . (Scribner, Robert L. (1983). Revolutionary Virginia, the Road to Independence. University of Virginia Press. Pp. xxiv. ) ——————————————– [ 2 ]. Scribner, Robert L. (1983). Revolutionary Virginia, the Road to Independence. University of Virginia Press. Pp. xxiv [ 3 ]. Halpern, Rick (2002). Slavery and Emancipation. Blackwell Publishing. Pp. 90-91 [ 4 ]. Harold, Stanley, Hine, W. C. , Hine, D. C. The African American Odyssey: Volume 1, 5th Edition. Prentice Hall. 2011. Pearson Education, Inc. [ 6 ]. Gabriel, Brian. Women’s roles and lives in the revolutionary war. http://www. ehow. com/)

Napoleon Bonaparte Essay Example

Napoleon Bonaparte Essay Example Napoleon Bonaparte Essay Napoleon Bonaparte Essay A hero is best described as a man of distinguished courage or ability, admired for his brave deeds and noble qualities. Napoleon Bonaparte, French militaristic genius is best described as a hero because of his influence on the French law system, French military and pride or France and its people. Napoleon’s introduction of the Napoleonic Code and his military domination of Europe, were all factors that allowed France to rise above and acquire an extreme pride in the country. Because of the influence he had on not only France, but all of Europe, and now the world, Napoleon Bonaparte can be considered a true hero. In 1804, Napoleon introduced the Civil Code of March, or the Napoleonic Code. This code reasserted equality of all male citizens before the law and absolute security of wealth and private property; two principles of the Revolution of 1789. This code, had a supreme impact on the middle class, and also led to the establishment of the Bank of France. This Bank of France devoutly served the state as well as the financial oligarchy. This bank gratified the needs of peasants most, as Napoleon protected their gains in land and status they had claimed during the revolution. The Napoleonic code can best be described as the starting point of Frances success and national unity. The Napoleonic Code now is represented in not only France, but many other country’s constitutions and codes. Besides having a noteworthy effect on France’s government, Napoleon is most known for his exceptional military skills. Napoleon’s charisma and determination brought him to the head of France, and given the opportunity to lead France to victory. Napoleon’s victories began in Austria and Great Britain (the two remaining members of the Second Coalition). In his peace treaty with Great Britain, Napoleon allowed France to remain in control of Holland, Australian Netherlands, the West Bank of Rhine, and Italian Peninsula. Although eventually Napoleon’s army suffered defeat, he accomplished more victories and acquired an extreme amount of land for France. Through Napoleon’s impact on France’s government and military, he gained confidence for France and established a national unity. However his order and unity took a toll on women. Women were forced to being dependent of either a husband or father and had little say. Although these laws were not beneficial to women and all families, they were exactly what Napoleon needed for authoritarian rule. Through his military victories through out Europe, Napoleon gained the votes of citizens and was looked at as a hero and leader of France. Through Napoleon’s, Napoleonic Code and military domination throughout Europe, he can truly be looked at as one of France’s heroes. The irony of his success however, causes controversy after being bullied as a child and banished from his home, Corsica. I believe his struggles only made him stronger, and allowed him to prevail the way he did. Napoleon rose above what others expected of him, with confidence and pride to accomplish his passion. His commitment and dedication to military and artillery also allowed Napoleon to strive in tactics and lead him to be the great leader he is known as today.

Income Elasticity of Demand

Income Elasticity of Demand A Beginners Guide to Elasticity: Price Elasticity of Demand  introduced the basic concept and illustrated it with a few examples of price elasticity of demand.   A Brief Review of Price Elasticity of Demand The formula for price elasticity of demand is:   Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) (% Change in Quantity Demanded) à ·Ã‚  (% Change in Price) The formula quantifies the demand for a given as the percentage change in the quantity of the good demanded divided by the percentage change in its price.   If the product, for example, is aspirin, which is widely available from many different manufacturers, a small change in one manufacturers price, lets say a 5 percent increase, might make a big difference in the demand for the product. Lets suppose that the decreased demand was a minus 20 percent, or -20%. Dividing the decreased demand (-20%) by the increased price (5 percent) gives a result of -4. The price elasticity of demand for aspirin is high a small difference in price produces a significant decrease in demand.   Generalizing the Formula You can generalize the formula by observing that it expresses the relationship between two variables, demand and price. A similar formula expresses another relationship, that between the demand for a given product  and consumer income Income Elasticity of Demand (% Change in Quantity Demanded)/(% Change in Income) In an economic recession, for example, U.S. household income might drop by 7 percent, but the household money spent on eating out might drop by 12 percent. In this case, the income elasticity of demand is calculated as 12 à · 7 or about 1.7. In other words, a moderate drop in income produces a greater drop in demand. In the same recession, on the other hand, we might discover that the 7 percent drop in household income produced only a 3 percent drop in baby formula sales. The calculation in this instance is 3 à · 7 or about 0.43.   what you can conclude from this is that eating out in restaurants is not an essential economic activity for U.S. households the elasticity of demand is 1.7, considerably great than 1.0 but that buying baby formula, with an income elasticity of demand of 0.43, is relatively essential and that demand will persist even when income drops.    Generalizing Income Elasticity of Demand Income elasticity of demand is used to see how sensitive the demand for a good is to an income change. The higher the income elasticity, the more sensitive demand for a good is to income changes. A very high-income elasticity suggests that when a consumers income goes up, consumers will buy a great deal more of that good and, conversely, that when income goes down consumers will cut back their purchases of that good to an even greater degree.   A very low price elasticity implies just the opposite, that changes in a consumers income have  little influence on demand. Often an assignment or a test will ask you the follow-up question Is the good a luxury good, a normal good, or an inferior good between the income range of $40,000 and $50,000? To answer that use the following rule of thumb: If IEoD 1 then the good is a Luxury Good and Income ElasticIf IEoD 1 and IEOD 0 then the good is a Normal Good and Income InelasticIf IEoD 0 then the good is an Inferior Good and Negative Income Inelastic The other side of the coin, of course, is supply.

Children's testimony as evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Children's testimony as evidence - Essay Example In this respect the query about reliability of child’s words can be rather controversial. As a rule child’s vision of the surroundings differs from the view of adult person. Children have peculiar perception of the world. Combining their plain and rather naive comprehension with rich imagination, children are prone to exaggerate or even concoct some facts. Judicial practice shows that sometimes children are able to add false details to the description of the case or, on the contrary, pass over in silence crucial information. This happens because of the several reasons. First explanation is child’s personal feelings of fear or embarrassment. Second one is emotional surge that overcomes a child in a moment of analyzable event, after which he or she may have obstacles to remember everything that has occurred. However, when children deal with private insult, their testimonies may really help to achieve closure. History knows a lot of cases when hearing child’s testimony about sexual abuse, representatives of courts have not doubted the truth of stated words. In such particular cases all emotions, anxiety, offence and pain that is impossible to counterfeit can be seen on the face of the child.

US Department of Defense moves to Cloud Computing Research Paper

US Department of Defense moves to Cloud Computing - Research Paper Example In each era, many researchers have carried out a lot of research to discover latest technologies that can facilitate humans in their daily tasks however in this age we can see this idea as a real implementation in the form of cloud computing. Basically, cloud computing is the latest technology model offering on-demand ICT network access to more reliable and efficient information technology services and devices (for example storage, servers and a wide variety of software applications). Cloud computing technology based arrangement puts together a network of computing resources that can be accessed anywhere, being shared between its clients. In view of the fact that in the present always changing financial, political and technological landscape, IT is predictable to offer widespread and ever growing potentials by making use of minimum resources. In this scenario, by keeping in mind the growth of both cyber threats and state sponsored, the DoD (Department of Defense) has started identifying the rising significance of leading safe and powerful adoption of cyberspace. In the same way, worldwide economic events are driving the need for sustained budgetary restrictions and stricter economical oversight. Hence, the Department of Defense has to change the method and approach through which it performs its operations and manages its information technology department in an attempt to identify augmented competence, efficiency, and safety. Â   The US Department of Defense has decided to move to Cloud Computing. This paper outlines some of the major reasons and strategies behind the adoption of cloud computing architecture. This research will also assess some of the major causes those derived DoD to adopt cloud computing. Introduction Cloud computing technology based arrangement is currently delivering computing arrangement, software on-demand and services with the network. This technology based arrangement also presents smart benefits to the private and public sector organizations. For instance, it has the power to minimize ICT costs by virtualizing economic assets similar to disk storage and processing cycles into a voluntarily accessible, reasonable functional expenditure. Additionally, a large number of private and public sector organizations have made initial progresses with the cloud computing technology application. For instance, in US Washington, DC, all the 38,000 city administrative staff members have limitle ss access to Google services and documents for example Gmail. The United States General Services Administration recently publicized that they are moving the nationwide portal usa.gov to the cloud and offered an RFI for cloud technology based structure services (Craig, et al., 2009; Chandrasekaran & Kapoor, 2010). In addition, cloud computing definitely appears to be the expression du-jour in the computing world nowadays. In fact, the majority of researchers and IT experts believe that cloud computing will be turned